![]() In addition, the usability test showed that particularly efficiency, overall usability and visual design are crucial when getting users to use a mobile application frequently. The research concludes that the main obstacle of nutrition tracking mobile applications, including MyFitnessPal, is the crucial task of logging accurate nutrition information without being too time-consuming or cumbersome for the user. Based on the findings of the usability test, suggestions for improvements were outlined. A website recording service, MouseFlow, measured the factors effectiveness and efficiency, while a SUS questionnaire (System Usability Score) evaluated the user satisfaction. The developed mobile application was evaluated by conducting a remote usability test with 117 participants. The mobile application used two public APIs, Yummly and Edamam, to implement the necessary nutrition tracking functionality, and provide the user with detailed nutrition information and recipe features. The choices of which mobile application technologies to use for this task were based on the requirement specification and a technical review of web, hybrid and native mobile applications and their associated technologies and programming languages. A fully functional mobile application prototype was developed. A focus group with 8 participants and a usability analysis of MyFitnessPal’s mobile application were conducted to identify specific requirements for a nutrition tracking mobile application and evaluate an existing solution. This dissertation investigated the perceived barriers of adopting a vegetarian diet, and how these barriers can be removed by using a mobile application. It remains necessary to fully evaluate the effect of the DSM app on the DSM behavior changes of diabetes patients. It was designed to be evidence-based, user-centered, and effective. Conclusions The DSM app was developed based on behavioral change theory through IMB models. It was also modified to address five comments received by the researchers through the usability evaluation. Fifteen issues were revealed through the heuristic evaluation, and the app was modified to address three of these issues. The proficiency and efficiency scores of the algorithm were 90.96% and 92.39%, respectively. The DSM app was Android version 4.4 or higher for Bluetooth connectivity. The system diagram consisted of a client part and server part, 78 data models, a database with 10 tables, an algorithm, and a menu structure with 6 main menus, and 40 user screens were developed. Sixteen functions and 49 knowledge rules were extracted. Results A total of 11 requirement themes were identified through the FGIs. The DSM app algorithm and heuristics, as well as the usability of the DSM app were evaluated, and then the DSM app was modified based on heuristics and usability evaluation. An Android app and server with an SSL protocol were developed. A system diagram, data models, a database, an algorithm, screens, and menus were designed. The functional and knowledge requirements of the users were extracted through FGIs with 19 diabetes patients. Methods We developed a diabetes self-management (DSM) app in accordance with the following four stages of the system development life cycle. Objectives This study developed a diabetes self-management mobile application based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model, evidence extracted from clinical practice guidelines, and requirements identified through focus group interviews (FGIs) with diabetes patients.
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